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Pronouns are words used in place of a noun, usually referring to people. For example, David is a noun. David is sleeping. But you could also say He is sleeping. The word “he” is a pronoun because it is used in the place of the noun “David”.

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• pronoun_personal. Most pronouns are personal pronouns. They refer to a person. Examples: I, you, she/he/it, we, you (guys), they, me, you, her/him/it, us, you (guys), them, my, your, her/his/its, our, your, their.

• pronoun_reflexive. Reflexive means doing something to one’s self, so any pronoun with “self” in it is a reflexive pronoun. Examples: myself, yourself, herself/himself/itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.

• pronoun_reciprocal. Reciprocal means doing something to each other. Examples:
  Florence and Mildred were talking to each other.
  The children kicked the ball to one another

• pronoun_demonstrative. These pronouns point to different things. Examples: this, that, these, those

• pronoun_relative. A relative pronoun refers to another noun or pronoun and connects a phrase (clause) to a sentence. Examples: who, whom, which, that, whoever, whomever, whichever.
  John, who is learning his language, wants to be a teacher.
  The word who refers to the noun John and connects the phrase “who is learning his language” to the rest of the sentence.

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Examples: and, but, or

I cooked the soup and washed the dishes.

Interjections

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Words are not the smallest part of language! Words can be made up of smaller meaningful parts. These little word parts are called morphemes. The morpheme that gives the main meaning of the word is called a root. Morphemes that are attached before the root are called prefixes and morphemes that are attached after the root are called suffixes. Sometimes, morphemes go right inside a root and these are called infixes. Linguistic grammars usually use hyphens to show the morphemes inside of words.

Examples:

prefix- root -suffix

kind

kind -ness

un- kind

un- kind -ly

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In addition to the grammatical categories discussed in section 4, it is also useful to tag words in FirstVoices with categories that describe the meaning that a word has. For example, if you enter the word for dog, you will want to tag it with the categories “Animal” and “Mammal”. Here are examples of the meaning categories available in FirstVoices. If you would like to add more categories to this list, just let us know and we can add them.

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